よく聞かれる質問の答えを前もって準備しておく
よく聞かれる質問については、内容を整理して相手が理解しやすいように推敲して準備しておくことが大事。以下のYoutube動画を参考に、各質問に対してのサンプルと、推敲のポイントを紹介していきます。
サンプルの英語はまだブラッシュアップ中です。文法の間違いが多々あると思います、、
Youtube
よく聞かれる10の質問
Q1. Tell Me About Yourself
ポイント: Interviewerとしてはこの質問によってこの人は何故今回募集した職種や職場文化にFitするかどうかを見極めたいと思っています。また、Yes/Noでは答えられないOpen-Endedな質問に対してどのように答えるか（何故ならそれも重要なビジネススキルなので）を試しています。
そのために必要な情報を準備しておきます。
盛り込みたい内容
Present-Past-Futureコンテンツ
現在(Present)の職種や地位などの状況
過去(Past)どのような経験を通して現在の状況に至っているか Can
将来(Future)どのようになりたいか Will
ResumeにはないPersonalityがわかるエピソード
趣味や活動など（健康状態や社会との関わりについてアピールできるもの）
盛り込んではいけない内容
職種と関係のない細かすぎる情報
宗教や政治などの論争のネタになりかねない内容
家族についてなどの個人情報
上記を元に書いたサンプル
導入- 感謝
Firstly, Thank you for giving me this opportunity to talk with you. 現在の状況
I’ve been working at XXXX for 15 years as a Software Engineer. Now I'm here for my family but I want to keep and improve this engineering career because simply I like this engineering job. 過去に獲得した経験
First of all, let me talk about my job history a bit. there are 4 stages. At first I joined YY group and developed the ZZZ SW. I learned the basic of Software and Signal processing and what the consumer product as a XXX is.なんだかんだ、学歴や職歴をいうのが無難のようです。
職歴を言っていく中で、相手の会社が欲しいと思うようなワードを盛り込みます。
ここではStartUpの会社に対して"Consumer Product”とは何かを知っている。とアピールしています。
As a second, in 5 years, I moved to XXX Group because I wanted to know more device layer of Software such as OS, memory management, peripheral drivers. I developed insourcing Realtime OS there and understood deeply how hardware and software works together. That was nice experience to get the key technology inside me. 転職や異動について述べ、その理由を述べることで更に自分の興味分野をアピールしていきます。
Third, Helped by this knowledge, I was transferred to Malaysia for 3 years as an expatriate. There I was working as a Device planner in ZZZ team. I've leaded production improvement, performance improvement and Security system introduction. Though these project, I collaborate with several vendors such as SoC, memory, MCU, browser and so on. This experience brought me the knowledge of middleware and application and also customer point of view.技術以外の人間力もアピール。また、次の異動が前回獲得した技術を元にした別の新たなチャレンジとなっていることもアピールします。
そしてまた、相手の会社にとって欲しいと思うワードを挿入 "Customer Point of View"
At last, I went back to Japan, I joined several TTT project. I could use my customer point of view to consider what is easy-to use API. I became application team leader and later project leader. sometimes So there, I could get Various sensor knowledge, SDK knowledge, middleware, web application. and project management skills as well意気込み（近い将来）
Now I am not working but studying Data Science. the reason why I choose these subject is just I believe these knowledge will be also important because our customer will be such area of engineer. Data centric network will be more and more important and I think this company have power to create some solution for it. I really would like to join such a challenges here. 推敲のポイント
Signposting
for example などの前置きを入れる事でこれから自分が何を話すつもりかを想像しやすくします。 上記のサンプルでは、まず職歴が4つあることを示し、それぞれについて話していきますよ。とガイドします。
それぞれの章では、今何個目の話をしているのか、などがわかるように文の最初に必ず At First, At last などのサインを入れます。上のサンプルでは緑色でハイライトしています。
こういう技術をSignpostingというようで、今回の自己紹介のような長文では必須です。
（↑のサンプルも、まだまだ推敲できるんでしょう、、たぶん）
Sign Postingの例
参考: https://canvas.hull.ac.uk/courses/371/pages/signposting
紹介
Initially/secondly/finally, …
With regard to…/ with respect to…継続
Furthermore …
In addition …
Similarly …
Likewise …詳細化
In particular …
Specifically …
In other words …まとめ
Consequently/As a consequence, …
Accordingly, …
Therefore, …
It could be concluded that …
For this reason …
Evidently*, …
Clearly/It is clear that, …*等々
Q2. Where do you see yourself in five years?
ポイント: Interviewerとしてはこの質問によってこの人のShort-Term、Long-TermのGoalをどのように設定し、そのために必要なStepを考えているかを確認したいと思っています。
盛り込みたい内容
最終的にやりたい業務
今回応募した業務がそれにつながっていること（過去の業務の線上に乗っていることを示せるといい）
盛り込んではいけない内容
Interviewerと同じ？
上記を踏まえたサンプル
In 5 years, I would like to be a system architect who can cover all device side to cloud side. driver side to application side. With this huge area knowledge, I would like to draw bigger picture. In order to get this position, I would like to have a second key skill. I mean I have Embedded SW skill already ,so I would like to have second here. I think it is network related. that is why I apply backend or R&D. Q3. Why should we hire you?
盛り込みたい内容
Can 自分ができること、持っている技術
Must 相手方の会社が改善しなければならないと認識していること
Will 自分のやりたいこと
ここで、Must = Will であること、そしてそれを実現するためにCanをすでに獲得していることが分かるように述べます。Canが全然関係ない資格だったりすると逆にマイナスです。
盛り込んではいけない内容
謙遜
あまりにも普通のこと
ただの自慢
上記を踏まえたサンプル
I think I can provide at least 2 benefits. Can
First one, I know much about sensors, and SDK which treat not only image but also depth, events, polarity, spectrum data.Must
It means I know input and output of your platform. I think the one of weak point for R&D activities is lack of "Customer Point and Product point of views". In general, it is often said that there is a gap between R&D output and Product needs. The reasons of gap are various, sometimes memory constrain, lack of performance, easy to built-in and so on. and the root cause of this gap is they have different target of input/output direction.Will
So I would like to fill this kind of gaps. I think I can give more wide point of view and also customer point of views when you develop the system, API and so on.Can
Second one, I have some tunning experience. such as system boot up time, suspend/resume time, and also periodical processes.Must
I have watched the youtube video about wasm explained. that's idea was so nice to separate memory spaces. According to the video, performance of WASM was 50% lower against native app. Will
I would like to try to improve more using SIMD, shared memory and so on. Q4. Why would you like to work here?
ポイント: 事前に会社をどれくらいリサーチしているかが、ここで明らかになります。
Q3とほぼ同じ回答を準備しておきますが、会社側の良い点を重点的にまくしたてます。
盛り込みたい内容
Can 自分ができること、持っている技術
Must 相手方の会社が改善しなければならないと認識していること
Will 自分のやりたいこと
ここで、Must = Will であること、そしてそれを実現するためにCanをすでに獲得していることを述べます。
また、企業理念、教育方針などに共感した。ことなどもよいです。
盛り込んではいけない内容
正直に仕事が欲しいだけと言ってしまう
サラリーが良い
暇だから
上記を踏まえたサンプル
Just because your company is following and leading new technology trend and I believe there is possibility to grow up more.
I have known this company from 7 years ago and I was surprised 2 times. 1st time is ...
For this reason, I believe that this company can follow and lead this fast moving technology trend.
I think now, world is chaning and new technology is comming, Blockchain, Metaverse, ..
Q5. What are your strengths/weaknesses?
ポイント: どのように自分のことを分析できているかを問ています。自分の分析を客観的にできる人でないと、将来伸びないためです。
ここで上げたWeaknessは必ず会社に入って対策をすれば問題ないであろうことも述べます。
盛り込みたい内容
客観的に、例などをあげて説明
盛り込んではいけない内容
致命的な弱み
懺悔に近い内容
上記を踏まえたサンプル
強み
My strength are sensor knowledge, SDK knowledge and the power of push forward. sensor knowledge, SDK knowledge must important for this company to expand what you are developing.
Regarding the power to push forward, I did not have noticed until my boss pointed out them. Come to think of it, I've got the challenging project such as an early dead-line project, introducing new technology. Once I set the goal, I can deeply consentrate on it to acheive the goal.弱み
My weakness is that I am not good at asking peaple the task. In one project, the problem happened when I requested the task to long experienced engineer. Somehow the goal of task I requested was different from his understanding. To avoid it, I usually speak and write in same time. To do so, I can also organize my mind better. Also I ask them to say their understanding. By covering like this, I can overcome this weakness.Q6. What is your leadership style?
ポイント: この質問はマネージャークラスのみ聞かれる質問だと思ったら、大間違いで、マネージャー以外でもLeadershipは発揮できる。ということで誰でも聞かれる質問のようです。
一般的にいうleadershipのスタイルは二通りあります。
Hands-On 自ら現場に立ち、細かく指示する
Hands-Off 現場を信頼し、多くの責務や権限を現場に譲渡する
どちらかの方法が優れているということではなくて、メンバーの成熟度によって調整していくものであるようですが、どっちかというとあなたはどっち？というのをまず最初に伝え,具体的にどうするのかを述べてしまうのが早いかなと思います。
なぜそのStyleを好むのかを論理的に言えると良いです。
上記を踏まえたサンプル
(要推敲)
I think I am kind of Hands-off manager. I trust member and put them more opportunity to move autonomously.
Generally speaking, there are many disadvantages of Hands-off manager. such as poor quality work because of too much freedom, less inisiative, less coaching, wrong estimation ..and so on.
In order to cover them, I believe at least there are 5 things what leader needs to do even Hands-Off manager.
First one, Set clear goal and rules, guidelines
Second, Give appropriate feedback
Third, Keep easy-discussion easy-asking atmosphere.
Fourth, Decide the judgement as soon as possible.
Fifth, Show everyone the progress in a visible way to promote their motivation.
There are 2 reasons why I chose Hands-off manager.
One, Manager needs to do keep broad perspective try to find where the problem happen. In my case, it was difficult to keep this perspective and hands-on management both. I became too much busy and could not give members enough information for them. That situation was teribble.
The other one, under adequeate level of management, people who knows they are trusted can output more than expected. I felt so when I was the member.
Q7. Can you tell me about a time when you demonstrated leadership?
ポイント: この手の体験談については、STARメソッドを用います。
Situation: どのような状況であったか、必要な情報を添えて説明します
Task: その時の自分の立場とやらなければならなかったことを説明します。
Action: それに対処するために自分がどのような手順を実行したか説明します。
Result: その行動が達成した成果を述べます。
上記を踏まえたサンプル
S
Yes, it happened 2 years ago, we developed depth signal processing. Usually we take 2 years to develop SoC. but in that project, we need to finish it within 1 year.
Since the schedule was crazy, there was no specification, responsibility is not decided, request is unclear, but everyone is busy to discuss the detail scenario or small function such as uart baud rate. So even deadline is short, progress was stagnant.
T
In that time, I was a firmware leader.so I needed to settle this condition and made a schedule to acheve the goals.
A
To break this situation, I organized the volunteer team including external member to decide the responsibility. To do it, I tried to keep the topic not to go detail. We need to have simple rule for module and function dividing.
R
Finally, I could release the firmware on time. on the way of goal, I left the project because of my baby delivery, but the project was successfully finished and got a prize.
Q8. Tell me about a time you dealt with a challenging situation at work.
ポイント: この手の体験談については、Q7と同様にSTARメソッドを用います。
Situation: どのような状況であったか、必要な情報を添えて説明します
Task: その時の自分の立場とやらなければならなかったことを説明します。
Action: それに対処するために自分がどのような手順を実行したか説明します。
Result: その行動が達成した成果を述べます。
上記を踏まえたサンプル
S
It happen when I start the work in Malaysia as an expatriate, firstly I did not get any clear task. My Boss just asked me "Find task which can produce countable money".
T
It was quite hard task for me to find it. I thought I could understand the feeling of collapsing company president. But I need to achieve it because I was transferred to Malaysia carrying the signboard of semiconductor.
A
So I requested several team leader to include me their team meeting and find the problem. then I noticed if I shrink the producing tact time, we can save big money. So I discuss with production team, cost reduction team, then found the idea to shrink it. briefly speaking, we introduced parallel multi inspection in factory. I planed and programed the code and introduced it. During introduction, I got many trouble, but by facing it, I gradually got trust from other members.
R
Finally I could save around 30 sec. My boss converted it to monetary amount and satisfied. After that many task came to me automatically. So I could enjoy rest of malaysian life. Q9. Do you have any questions for me or the company?
ポイント: 適度な質問は行った方が、意欲や調査したことをアピールできます。
相手の立場に合わせて質問できるよう、5,6個準備しておきます。
How often does your engineer come to office ?
How often does your engineer reports to you ?
what kind of company event is organized to motivate engineers ?
how this pandemic effects your company ?
How do you collect new technology information ? Do you have some journal club ? Q10. Why you can say you work well with the new technology area?
ポイント: これはおまけ。
As I mention, my base skill is embedded software, people who has one specific area, it is easy to go second usually. because the same idea can be applied even in different area.
So I am not afraid to enter new technology are at all. Many challenging situation, I already enjoyed. まとめ
良く聞かれる10個の質問に対して、SignPosting、PPF（Present-Past-Future), CMW(Can-Must-Will), STAR メソッドを用いてポイントとサンプルを書いてみました。
ここで得た知識はJob interviewに限らず、普段の英語でのReportにも使える技術だと思います。
何度も推敲し、練習してJob interviewに臨みましょう。チャオ！
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